Articles

Prognostic value of DCE-CT-derived blood volume and flow compared to core biopsy microvessel density in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma

Angiogenesis is prominent in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). We compared two angiogenesis assessment methods: dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (DCE-CT)-derived blood volume (BV) and blood ...

Authors: Aska Drljevic-Nielsen, Finn Rasmussen, Patricia Switten Nielsen, Christina Stilling, Kennet Thorup, Jill Rachel Mains, Hans Henrik Torp Madsen and Frede Donskov

Matrix 3D ultrasound-assisted thyroid nodule volume estimation and radiofrequency ablation: a phantom study

Two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound is well established for thyroid nodule assessment and treatment guidance. However, it is hampered by a limited field of view and observer variability that may lead to inaccurate...

Authors: T. Boers, S. J. Braak, M. Versluis and S. Manohar

Improved technique of personalised surgical guides generation for mandibular free flap reconstruction using an open-source tool

With advancements in computer systems, computer graphics and medical imaging technologies, clinicians strive for a personalised approach to patient treatment. Therefore, the production of personalised surgical...

Authors: Luka Šimić, Vjekoslav Kopačin, Ivan Mumlek, Josip Butković and Vedran Zubčić

Development and assessment of a telesonography system for musculoskeletal imaging

Telesonography systems have been developed to overcome barriers to accessing diagnostic ultrasound for patients in rural and remote communities. However, most previous telesonography systems have been designed...

Authors: Mohammed Obaid, Qianwei Zhang, Scott J. Adams, Reza Fotouhi and Haron Obaid

A decision support system based on radiomics and machine learning to predict the risk of malignancy of ovarian masses from transvaginal ultrasonography and serum CA-125

To evaluate the performance of a decision support system (DSS) based on radiomics and machine learning in predicting the risk of malignancy of ovarian masses (OMs) from transvaginal ultrasonography (TUS) and s...

Authors: Valentina Chiappa, Matteo Interlenghi, Giorgio Bogani, Christian Salvatore, Francesca Bertolina, Giuseppe Sarpietro, Mauro Signorelli, Dominique Ronzulli, Isabella Castiglioni and Francesco Raspagliesi

How precise are oral splints for frameless stereotaxy in guided ear, nose, throat, and maxillofacial surgery: a cadaver study

Computer-assisted surgery optimises accuracy and serves to improve precise surgical procedures. We validated oral splints with fiducial markers by testing them against rigid bone markers.

Authors: Manfred Nilius and Minou Hélène Nilius

Development and implementation of an ultralow-dose CT protocol for the assessment of cerebrospinal shunts in adult hydrocephalus

Cerebrospinal fluid shunts in the treatment of hydrocephalus, although associated with clinical benefit, have a high failure rate with repeat computed tomography (CT) imaging resulting in a substantial cumulat...

Authors: David J. Ryan, Richard G. Kavanagh, Stella Joyce, Mika O’Callaghan Maher, Niamh Moore, Aisling McMahon, Deirdre Hussey, Michael G. J. O’Sullivan, Gerald Wyse, Noel Fanning, Owen J. O’Connor and Michael M. Maher

Evaluation of a CTA-based convolutional neural network for infarct volume prediction in anterior cerebral circulation ischaemic stroke

Computed tomography angiography (CTA) imaging is needed in current guideline-based stroke diagnosis, and infarct core size is one factor in guiding treatment decisions. We studied the efficacy of a convolution...

Authors: Lasse Hokkinen, Teemu Mäkelä, Sauli Savolainen and Marko Kangasniemi

Quantitative benchmarking of iodine imaging for two CT spectral imaging technologies: a phantom study

The aim of this study was to quantitatively benchmark iodine imaging across specific virtual monoenergetic energy levels, iodine maps and virtual non-contrast images with different phantom sizes and iodine con...

Authors: Vanja Harsaker, Kristin Jensen, Hilde Kjernlie Andersen and Anne Catrine Martinsen

Emerging magnetic resonance imaging techniques in open spina bifida in utero

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an essential diagnostic modality for congenital disorders of the central nervous system. Recent advancements have transformed foetal MRI into a clinically feasible t...

Authors: Andras Jakab, Kelly Payette, Luca Mazzone, Sonja Schauer, Cécile Olivia Muller, Raimund Kottke, Nicole Ochsenbein-Kölble, Ruth Tuura, Ueli Moehrlen and Martin Meuli

Material decomposition using iodine quantification on spectral CT for characterising nodules in the cirrhotic liver: a retrospective study

There is limited scientific evidence on the potential of spectral computed tomography (SCT) for differentiation of nodules in the cirrhotic liver. We aimed to assess SCT-generated material density (MD) paramet...

Authors: Shalini Thapar Laroia, Komal Yadav, Senthil Kumar, Archana Rastogi, Guresh Kumar and Shiv Kumar Sarin

A phantom study to optimise the automatic tube current modulation for chest CT in COVID-19

On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The expert organisations recommend more cautious use of thoracic computed tomography (CT), opting for...

Authors: Victor Gombolevskiy, Sergey Morozov, Valeria Chernina, Ivan Blokhin and Jenia Vassileva

DICOM-MIABIS integration model for biobanks: a use case of the EU PRIMAGE project

PRIMAGE is a European Commission-financed project dealing with medical imaging and artificial intelligence aiming to create an imaging biobank in oncology. The project includes a task dedicated to the interope...

Authors: Camilla Scapicchio, Michela Gabelloni, Sara Maria Forte, Leonor Cerdá Alberich, Lorenzo Faggioni, Rita Borgheresi, Paola Erba, Fabiola Paiar, Luis Marti Bonmati and Emanuele Neri

Implementation of a sagittal T2-weighted DIXON turbo spin-echo sequence may shorten MRI acquisitions in the emergency setting of suspected spinal bleeding

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the modality of choice for evaluating soft tissue damage along the spine in the emergency setting, yet access and fast protocol availability are limited. We assessed the per...

Authors: Nico Sollmann, Charlotte Rüther, Simon Schön, Claus Zimmer, Thomas Baum and Jan S. Kirschke

Influence of beam hardening in dual-energy CT imaging: phantom study for iodine mapping, virtual monoenergetic imaging, and virtual non-contrast imaging

In this study, we investigated the influence of beam hardening on the dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) values of iodine maps, virtual monoenergetic (VME) images, and virtual non-contrast (VNC) images. 32...

Authors: Risa Kanatani, Takashi Shirasaka, Tsukasa Kojima, Toyoyuki Kato and Masateru Kawakubo

Correction to: Chest x-ray severity score in COVID-19 patients on emergency department admission: a two-centre study

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Authors: Cristian Giuseppe Monaco, Federico Zaottini, Simone Schiaffino, Alessandro Villa, Gianmarco Della Pepa, Luca Alessandro Carbonaro, Laura Menicagli, Andrea Cozzi, Serena Carriero, Francesco Arpaia, Giovanni Di Leo, Davide Astengo, Ilan Rosenberg and Francesco Sardanelli

Breast cancer: comparison of quantitative dual-layer spectral CT and axillary ultrasonography for preoperative diagnosis of metastatic axillary lymph nodes

Our aim was to compare the diagnostic performance of quantitative dual-layer spectral computed tomography (DLSCT) and axillary ultrasound (US) for diagnosing lymph node metastases in breast cancer patients.

Authors: Thomas Winther Buus, Mads Sandahl, Kennet Sønderstgaard Thorup, Finn Rasmussen, Søren Redsted, Peer Christiansen, Anders Bonde Jensen and Erik Morre Pedersen

The effect of forearm rotation on radiographic measurements of the wrist: an experimental study using radiostereometric analyses on cadavers

Although dorsal/palmar tilt, radial inclination (RI), and ulnar variance (UV) are measurements commonly performed in wrist radiographs, the impact of forearm rotation on those measurements during the radiograp...

Authors: Janni Jensen, Hans B. Tromborg, Benjamin S. B. Rasmussen, Oke Gerke, Trine Torfing, Helle Precht and Ole Graumann

CMR for myocardial characterization in ischemic heart disease: state-of-the-art and future developments

Ischemic heart disease and its sequelae are one of the major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Over the last decades, technological developments have strengthened the role of noninvasive imagi...

Authors: Tilman Emrich, Moritz Halfmann, U. Joseph Schoepf and Karl-Friedrich Kreitner

Imaging myocardial ischemia: from emerging techniques to state-of-the-art

The widespread clinical use of cardiovascular imaging inspires constant improvement in imaging technology and post-processing applications. Recent advances in hardware and software have brought about important...

Authors: Akos Varga-Szemes and Pal Suranyi

Emerging methods for the characterization of ischemic heart disease: ultrafast Doppler angiography, micro-CT, photon-counting CT, novel MRI and PET techniques, and artificial intelligence

After an ischemic event, disruptive changes in the healthy myocardium may gradually develop and may ultimately turn into fibrotic scar. While these structural changes have been described by conventional imagin...

Authors: Martin J. Willemink, Akos Varga-Szemes, U. Joseph Schoepf, Marina Codari, Koen Nieman, Dominik Fleischmann and Domenico Mastrodicasa

Artificial intelligence-aided CT segmentation for body composition analysis: a validation study

Body composition is associated with survival outcome in oncological patients, but it is not routinely calculated. Manual segmentation of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and muscle is time-consuming and there...

Authors: Pablo Borrelli, Reza Kaboteh, Olof Enqvist, Johannes Ulén, Elin Trägårdh, Henrik Kjölhede and Lars Edenbrandt

Transarterial chemoembolisation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: low-dose doxorubicin reduces post-embolisation syndrome without affecting survival—prospective interventional study

No chemotherapeutic agents have been standardised for transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE). In particular, doxorubicin has no defined optimal dosage in TACE procedures. We compared low versus currently used dos...

Authors: Ahmed A. Bessar, Ahmed Farag, Sameh M. Abdel Monem, Fady M. Wadea, Shady E. Shaker, Mahmoud Ahmed Ebada and Manar A. Bessar

CT-derived sarcopenia should not preclude surgical stabilization of traumatic rib fractures

Rib fractures are associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Surgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRF) can be performed to mitigate complications. Sarcopenia is in general known to be associate...

Authors: Derrick A. Doolittle, Matthew C. Hernandez, Francis I. Baffour, Michael R. Moynagh, Naoki Takahashi, Adam T. Froemming, Katrina N. Glazebrook and Brian D. Kim

Simultaneous assessment of colon motility in children with functional constipation by cine-MRI and colonic manometry: a feasibility study

Colonic manometry is the current reference standard for assessing colonic neuromuscular function in children with intractable functional constipation (FC). Recently, cine magnetic resonance imaging (cine-MRI) ...

Authors: M. H. Vriesman, C. S. de Jonge, S. Kuizenga-Wessel, B. Adler, A. Menys, A. J. Nederveen, J. Stoker, M. A. Benninga and C. Di Lorenzo

Machine learning applied on chest x-ray can aid in the diagnosis of COVID-19: a first experience from Lombardy, Italy

We aimed to train and test a deep learning classifier to support the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using chest x-ray (CXR) on a cohort of subjects from two hospitals in Lombardy, Italy.

Authors: Isabella Castiglioni, Davide Ippolito, Matteo Interlenghi, Caterina Beatrice Monti, Christian Salvatore, Simone Schiaffino, Annalisa Polidori, Davide Gandola, Cristina Messa and Francesco Sardanelli

Whole-body x-ray dark-field radiography of a human cadaver

Grating-based x-ray dark-field and phase-contrast imaging allow extracting information about refraction and small-angle scatter, beyond conventional attenuation. A step towards clinical translation has recentl...

Authors: Jana Andrejewski, Fabio De Marco, Konstantin Willer, Wolfgang Noichl, Alex Gustschin, Thomas Koehler, Pascal Meyer, Fabian Kriner, Florian Fischer, Christian Braun, Alexander A. Fingerle, Julia Herzen, Franz Pfeiffer and Daniela Pfeiffer

On the usage of average Hausdorff distance for segmentation performance assessment: hidden error when used for ranking

Average Hausdorff distance is a widely used performance measure to calculate the distance between two point sets. In medical image segmentation, it is used to compare ground truth images with segmentations all...

Authors: Orhun Utku Aydin, Abdel Aziz Taha, Adam Hilbert, Ahmed A. Khalil, Ivana Galinovic, Jochen B. Fiebach, Dietmar Frey and Vince Istvan Madai

MRI texture feature repeatability and image acquisition factor robustness, a phantom study and in silico study

To evaluate robustness and repeatability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) texture features in water and tissue phantom test-retest study.

Authors: Joshua Shur, Matthew Blackledge, James D’Arcy, David J. Collins, Maria Bali, Martin O’Leach and Dow-Mu Koh

A novel roadmap connecting the ¹H-MRS total choline resonance to all hallmarks of cancer following targeted therapy

This review describes a cellular adaptive stress signalling roadmap connecting the ¹H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) total choline peak at 3.2 ppm (tCho) to cancer response after targeted therapy (TT). Rec...

Authors: Egidio Iorio, Franca Podo, Martin O. Leach, Jason Koutcher, Francis G. Blankenberg and Joseph F. Norfray

7-T MRI for brain virtual autopsy: a proof of concept in comparison to 3-T MRI and CT

The detection and assessment of cerebral lesions and traumatic brain injuries are of particular interest in forensic investigations in order to differentiate between natural and traumatic deaths and to reconst...

Authors: Dominic Gascho, Niklaus Zoelch, Stefan Sommer, Carlo Tappero, Michael J. Thali and Eva Deininger-Czermak

Visualization of flow dynamics in the portal circulation using 320-detector-row computed tomography: a feasibility study

Multidetector row computed tomography (CT) scanners perform dynamic scanning and have a wide scan range. Time-resolved three-dimensional CT (i.e., 4D CT) has recently enabled visualization of flow in neurovascula...

Authors: Ken Kageyama, Akira Yamamoto, Atsushi Jogo, Shinichiro Izuta, Daisuke Himoto, Akihiko Kakimi, Etsuji Sohgawa and Yukio Miki

Correction to: Modelling the skeletal muscle injury recovery using in vivo contrast-enhanced micro-CT: a proof-of-concept study in a rat model

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Authors: Bruno Paun, Daniel García Leon, Alex Claveria Cabello, Roso Mares Pages, Elena de la Calle Vargas, Paola Contreras Muñoz, Vanessa Venegas Garcia, Joan Castell-Conesa, Mario Marotta Baleriola and Jose Raul Herance Camacho

Chest x-ray severity score in COVID-19 patients on emergency department admission: a two-centre study

Integration of imaging and clinical parameters could improve the stratification of COVID-19 patients on emergency department (ED) admission. We aimed to assess the extent of COVID-19 pulmonary abnormalities on...

Authors: Cristian Giuseppe Monaco, Federico Zaottini, Simone Schiaffino, Alessandro Villa, Gianmarco Della Pepa, Luca Alessandro Carbonaro, Laura Menicagli, Andrea Cozzi, Serena Carriero, Francesco Arpaia, Giovanni Di Leo, Davide Astengo, Ilan Rosenberg and Francesco Sardanelli

Emergency tips recanalisation and gastroesophageal varices embolisation with an ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer agent (Squid) and detachable coils

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is currently indicated as first therapeutic option in the main complications of portal hypertension, including bleeding gastroesophageal varices and refract...

Authors: Massimo Venturini, Luigi Augello, Carolina Lanza, Marco Curti, Andrea Coppola, Filippo Piacentino and Francesco De Cobelli

Biomechanical analysis of skull trauma and opportunity in neuroradiology interpretation to explain the post-concussion syndrome: literature review and case studies presentation

Traumatic head injuries are one of the leading causes of emergency worldwide due to their frequency and associated morbidity. The circumstances of their onset are often sports activities or road accidents. Num...

Authors: Yannick Distriquin, Jean-Marc Vital and Bruno Ella

Sequential CT arterioportography-arteriosplenography depicts individual haemodynamic changes in children with portal hypertension without cirrhosis

We evaluated sequential computed tomography (CT) arterioportography-arteriosplenography for the assessment of venous pathways in children with portal hypertension without cirrhosis. Institutional Review Board ...

Authors: Simone Hammer, Hans Jürgen Schlitt, Birgit Knoppke, Veronika Ingrid Huf, Walter Alexander Wohlgemuth and Wibke Uller

Compositional MRI of the anterior cruciate ligament of professional alpine ski racers: preliminary report on seasonal changes and load sensitivity

The purpose of this study was to investigate potential changes in the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) structure of alpine ski racers over the course of an entire season using quantitative magnetic resonance i...

Authors: Robert Csapo, Vladimir Juras, Bernhard Heinzle, Siegfried Trattnig and Christian Fink

PET/CT imaging for tumour response assessment to immunotherapy: current status and future directions

Recent immunotherapeutic approaches have evolved as powerful treatment options with high anti-tumour responses involving the patient’s own immune system. Passive immunotherapy applies agents that enhance exist...

Authors: Marcus Unterrainer, Michael Ruzicka, Matthias P. Fabritius, Lena M. Mittlmeier, Michael Winkelmann, Johannes Rübenthaler, Matthias Brendel, Marion Subklewe, Michael von Bergwelt-Baildon, Jens Ricke, Wolfgang G. Kunz and Clemens C. Cyran

Impact of inter-reader contouring variability on textural radiomics of colorectal liver metastases

Radiomics is expected to improve the management of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed at evaluating the impact of liver lesion contouring as a source of variability on radiomic features (RFs).

Authors: Francesco Rizzetto, Francesca Calderoni, Cristina De Mattia, Arianna Defeudis, Valentina Giannini, Simone Mazzetti, Lorenzo Vassallo, Silvia Ghezzi, Andrea Sartore-Bianchi, Silvia Marsoni, Salvatore Siena, Daniele Regge, Alberto Torresin and Angelo Vanzulli

Differentiating combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema from pure emphysema: utility of late gadolinium-enhanced MRI

Differentiating combined pulmonary fibrosis with emphysema (CPFE) from pure emphysema can be challenging on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). This has antifibrotic therapy implications.

Authors: Hannah Fleming, Simon M. Clifford, Aoife Haughey, Roisin MacDermott, Niall McVeigh, Gerard M. Healy, Lisa Lavelle, Suhny Abbara, David J. Murphy, Aurelie Fabre, Edward McKone, Cormac McCarthy, Marcus Butler, Peter Doran, David A. Lynch, Michael P. Keane…

Percutaneous afferent lymphatic vessel sclerotherapy for postoperative lymphatic leakage after previous ineffective therapeutic transpedal lymphangiography

To demonstrate the efficacy of percutaneous computed tomography (CT)-guided afferent lymphatic vessel sclerotherapy (ALVS) in the treatment of postoperative lymphatic leakage (LL) after ineffective therapeutic...

Authors: F. Pan, M. Loos, T. D. Do, G. M. Richter, H. U. Kauczor, T. Hackert and C. M. Sommer

Ultra-high-field 7-T MRI in multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating diseases: from pathology to clinical practice

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is essential for the early diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS), for investigating the disease pathophysiology, and for discriminating MS from other neurological diseases. Ultr...

Authors: Nicolo’ Bruschi, Giacomo Boffa and Matilde Inglese

7-T MRI of explanted liver and ex-vivo pancreatic specimens: prospective study protocol of radiological-pathological correlation feasibility (the EXLIPSE project)

The study focuses on radiological-pathological correlation between imaging of ex vivo samples obtained by a 7-T scanner and histological examination. The specimens will be derived from native explanted cirrhotic ...

Authors: Rosa Cervelli, Matteo Cencini, Guido Buonincontri, Francesco Campana, Andrea Cacciato Insilla, Giacomo Aringhieri, Paolo De Simone, Ugo Boggi, Daniela Campani, Michela Tosetti and Laura Crocetti

7-T MRI tracking of mesenchymal stromal cells after lung injection in a rat model

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are able to migrate and engraft at sites of inflammation, injuries, and tumours, but little is known about their fate after local injection. The purpose of this study is to per...

Authors: Stefania Rizzo, Francesco Padelli, Elena Rinaldi, Daniela Gioeni, Domenico Aquino, Stefano Brizzola, Fabio Acocella, Lorenzo Spaggiari, Fulvio Baggi, Massimo Bellomi, Maria Grazia Bruzzone and Francesco Petrella

Contamination inside CT gantry in the SARS-CoV-2 era

We investigated whether the internal gantry components of our computed tomography (CT) scanner contain severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ribonucleic acid (RNA), bacterial or fungal agents. From 1 t...

Authors: João Matos, Francesco Paparo, Marco Mori, Alessio Veneziano, Marina Sartini, Maria Luisa Cristina and Gian Andrea Rollandi

Response to: Abdominal CT: a radiologist-driven adjustment of the dose of iodinated contrast agent approaches a calculation per lean body weight

Authors: Kris A. Peet

Reply to Letter to Editor: Abdominal CT: a radiologist-driven adjustment of the dose of iodinated contrast agent approaches a calculation per lean body weight

Authors: Moreno Zanardo and Giovanni Di Leo

Impact of iodine concentration and scan parameters on image quality, contrast enhancement and radiation dose in thoracic CT

We investigated the impact of varying contrast medium (CM) densities and x-ray tube potentials on contrast enhancement (CE), image quality and radiation dose in thoracic computed tomography (CT) using two diff...

Authors: Marian S. Solbak, Mette K. Henning, Andrew England, Anne C. Martinsen, Trond M. Aaløkken and Safora Johansen

3D cone-beam CT with a twin robotic x-ray system in elbow imaging: comparison of image quality to high-resolution multidetector CT

Elbow imaging is challenging with conventional multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), while cone-beam CT (CBCT) provides superior options. We compared intra-individually CBCT versus MDCT image quality in cadav...

Authors: Jan-Peter Grunz, Andreas Max Weng, Andreas Steven Kunz, Maike Veyhl-Wichmann, Rainer Schmitt, Carsten Herbert Gietzen, Lenhard Pennig, Stefan Herz, Süleyman Ergün, Thorsten Alexander Bley and Tobias Gassenmaier