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  1. Recent immunotherapeutic approaches have evolved as powerful treatment options with high anti-tumour responses involving the patient’s own immune system. Passive immunotherapy applies agents that enhance exist...

    Authors: Marcus Unterrainer, Michael Ruzicka, Matthias P. Fabritius, Lena M. Mittlmeier, Michael Winkelmann, Johannes Rübenthaler, Matthias Brendel, Marion Subklewe, Michael von Bergwelt-Baildon, Jens Ricke, Wolfgang G. Kunz and Clemens C. Cyran
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:63
    Content type: Narrative review Published on:

  2. Radiomics is expected to improve the management of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed at evaluating the impact of liver lesion contouring as a source of variability on radiomic features (RFs).

    Authors: Francesco Rizzetto, Francesca Calderoni, Cristina De Mattia, Arianna Defeudis, Valentina Giannini, Simone Mazzetti, Lorenzo Vassallo, Silvia Ghezzi, Andrea Sartore-Bianchi, Silvia Marsoni, Salvatore Siena, Daniele Regge, Alberto Torresin and Angelo Vanzulli
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:62
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  3. Differentiating combined pulmonary fibrosis with emphysema (CPFE) from pure emphysema can be challenging on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). This has antifibrotic therapy implications.

    Authors: Hannah Fleming, Simon M. Clifford, Aoife Haughey, Roisin MacDermott, Niall McVeigh, Gerard M. Healy, Lisa Lavelle, Suhny Abbara, David J. Murphy, Aurelie Fabre, Edward McKone, Cormac McCarthy, Marcus Butler, Peter Doran, David A. Lynch, Michael P. Keane…
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:61
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  4. To demonstrate the efficacy of percutaneous computed tomography (CT)-guided afferent lymphatic vessel sclerotherapy (ALVS) in the treatment of postoperative lymphatic leakage (LL) after ineffective therapeutic...

    Authors: F. Pan, M. Loos, T. D. Do, G. M. Richter, H. U. Kauczor, T. Hackert and C. M. Sommer
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:60
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  5. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is essential for the early diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS), for investigating the disease pathophysiology, and for discriminating MS from other neurological diseases. Ultr...

    Authors: Nicolo’ Bruschi, Giacomo Boffa and Matilde Inglese
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:59
    Content type: Narrative review Published on:

  6. The study focuses on radiological-pathological correlation between imaging of ex vivo samples obtained by a 7-T scanner and histological examination. The specimens will be derived from native explanted cirrhotic ...

    Authors: Rosa Cervelli, Matteo Cencini, Guido Buonincontri, Francesco Campana, Andrea Cacciato Insilla, Giacomo Aringhieri, Paolo De Simone, Ugo Boggi, Daniela Campani, Michela Tosetti and Laura Crocetti
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:58
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  7. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are able to migrate and engraft at sites of inflammation, injuries, and tumours, but little is known about their fate after local injection. The purpose of this study is to per...

    Authors: Stefania Rizzo, Francesco Padelli, Elena Rinaldi, Daniela Gioeni, Domenico Aquino, Stefano Brizzola, Fabio Acocella, Lorenzo Spaggiari, Fulvio Baggi, Massimo Bellomi, Maria Grazia Bruzzone and Francesco Petrella
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:54
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  8. We investigated whether the internal gantry components of our computed tomography (CT) scanner contain severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ribonucleic acid (RNA), bacterial or fungal agents. From 1 t...

    Authors: João Matos, Francesco Paparo, Marco Mori, Alessio Veneziano, Marina Sartini, Maria Luisa Cristina and Gian Andrea Rollandi
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:55
    Content type: Technical note Published on:

  11. We investigated the impact of varying contrast medium (CM) densities and x-ray tube potentials on contrast enhancement (CE), image quality and radiation dose in thoracic computed tomography (CT) using two diff...

    Authors: Marian S. Solbak, Mette K. Henning, Andrew England, Anne C. Martinsen, Trond M. Aaløkken and Safora Johansen
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:57
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  12. Elbow imaging is challenging with conventional multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), while cone-beam CT (CBCT) provides superior options. We compared intra-individually CBCT versus MDCT image quality in cadav...

    Authors: Jan-Peter Grunz, Andreas Max Weng, Andreas Steven Kunz, Maike Veyhl-Wichmann, Rainer Schmitt, Carsten Herbert Gietzen, Lenhard Pennig, Stefan Herz, Süleyman Ergün, Thorsten Alexander Bley and Tobias Gassenmaier
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:52
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  13. Foot perfusion has been recently implemented as a new tool for optimizing outcomes of peripheral endovascular procedures. A custom-made, two-dimensional perfusion digital subtraction angiography (PDSA) algorit...

    Authors: George C. Kagadis, Stavros Tsantis, Ilias Gatos, Stavros Spiliopoulos, Konstantinos Katsanos and Dimitris Karnabatidis
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:47
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  15. Automated segmentation of anatomical structures is a crucial step in image analysis. For lung segmentation in computed tomography, a variety of approaches exists, involving sophisticated pipelines trained and ...

    Authors: Johannes Hofmanninger, Forian Prayer, Jeanny Pan, Sebastian Röhrich, Helmut Prosch and Georg Langs
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:50
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  16. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors: Naziya Samreen, Asha A. Bhatt, Kalie Adler, Shannon Zingula and Katrina N. Glazebrook
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:53
    Content type: Correction Published on:

    The original article was published in European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:34

  17. Finite element modeling is a precious tool for the investigation of the biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system. A key element for the development of anatomically accurate, state-of-the art finite element m...

    Authors: Fabio Galbusera, Andrea Cina, Matteo Panico, Domenico Albano and Carmelo Messina
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:49
    Content type: Narrative review Published on:

  18. Ultra-high field magnetic resonance imaging (UHF-MRI) provides important diagnostic improvements in musculoskeletal imaging. The higher signal-to-noise ratio leads to higher spatial and temporal resolution whi...

    Authors: Giacomo Aringhieri, Virna Zampa and Michela Tosetti
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:48
    Content type: Narrative review Published on:

  19. Our aim was to compare the diagnostic performance of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT)-galactography with that of full-field digital (FFD)-galactography for detecting intraductal breast lesions using an intra...

    Authors: Marco Moschetta, Vincenzo De Ruvo, Angelica Drago, Nicoletta Troiano, Simona Paolicelli, Giuseppe Rubini, Amato Antonio Stabile Ianora and Michele Telegrafo
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:40
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  20. We investigated a recently proposed multiexponential (Mexp) fitting method applied to T2 relaxometry magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of benign and malignant adipocytic tumours and healthy subcutaneous fa...

    Authors: Katerina Nikiforaki, Georgios S. Ioannidis, Eleni Lagoudaki, Georgios H. Manikis, Eelco de Bree, Apostolos Karantanas, Thomas G. Maris and Kostas Marias
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:45
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  21. A challenge in imaging research is a diagnostic classification of study participants. We hypothesised that a structured approach would be efficient and that classification by medical students, residents, and a...

    Authors: Tjitske S. R. van Engelen, Maadrika M. N. P. Kanglie, Inge A. H. van den Berk, Merel L. J. Bouwman, Hind J. M. Suhooli, Sascha L. Heckert, Jaap Stoker, Patrick M. M. Bossuyt and Jan M. Prins
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:44
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  22. In limestone caves, environmental processes often cause alterations of human or animal skeletal remains, complicating classical analytical methods. Exemplary, a proximal femoral skeletal fragment, enclosed by ...

    Authors: Patrick E. Eppenberger, Mislav Čavka, Siniša Radović, Dalibor Paar, Nenad Buzjak, James C. M. Ahern, Philipp Biedermann, Philipp Gruber, Mario Novak and Ivor Janković
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:41
    Content type: Technical note Published on:

  23. To propose a practical and simple method to individually evaluate the average absorbed dose for digital breast tomosynthesis.

    Authors: Antonio C. Traino, Patrizio Barca, Rocco Lamastra, Raffaele M. Tucciariello, Chiara Sottocornola, Carolina Marini, Giacomo Aringhieri, Davide Caramella and Maria E. Fantacci
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:38
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  24. The in situ classification of bullets is of interest in forensic investigations when the bullet cannot be removed. Although computed tomography (CT) is usually performed on shooting victims, visual assessment, or...

    Authors: Dominic Gascho, Niklaus Zoelch, Henning Richter, Alexander Buehlmann, Philipp Wyss, Michael J. Thali and Sarah Schaerli
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:43
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  25. More than 1,200 active or recruiting clinical trials for novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) treatments and vaccines are registered. Many drugs have shown promise for treatment of COVID-19. Nevertheless,...

    Authors: Mohamed M. A. Zaitoun, Mohammad Abd Alkhalik Basha and Ali Hassan Elmokadem
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:42
    Content type: Hypothesis Published on:

  26. Time-resolved three-dimensional digital subtraction angiography (4D-DSA) can be used to quantify blood velocity. Contrast pulsatility, a major discriminant on 4D-DSA, is yet to be optimized. We investigated th...

    Authors: Ece Meram, Gabe Shaughnessy, Colin Longhurst, Carson Hoffman, Martin Wagner, Charles A. Mistretta, Michael A. Speidel and Paul F. Laeseke
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:37
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  27. Computed tomography (CT) enables quantification of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, helping in outcome prediction.

    Authors: João Matos, Francesco Paparo, Ilaria Mussetto, Lorenzo Bacigalupo, Alessio Veneziano, Silvia Perugin Bernardi, Ennio Biscaldi, Enrico Melani, Giancarlo Antonucci, Paolo Cremonesi, Marco Lattuada, Alberto Pilotto, Emanuele Pontali and Gian Andrea Rollandi
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:39
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  28. This review provides an overview of the currently available computed tomography (CT) techniques for myocardial tissue characterization in ischemic heart disease, including CT perfusion and late iodine enhancem...

    Authors: M. van Assen, M. Vonder, G. J. Pelgrim, P. L. Von Knebel Doeberitz and R. Vliegenthart
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:36
    Content type: Narrative review Published on:

  29. We assessed confidence in visualization of markers within metastatic axillary lymph nodes (LNs) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which were placed post-ultrasound (US)-guided biopsy.

    Authors: Naziya Samreen, Asha A. Bhatt, Kalie Adler, Shannon Zingula and Katrina N. Glazebrook
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:34
    Content type: Original article Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:53

  30. We investigated the composition of the gluteal (gluteus maximus, medius, and minimus) and quadriceps (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, medialis, and intermedius) muscle groups and its associations with femora...

    Authors: Michael Dieckmeyer, Florian Zoffl, Lioba Grundl, Stephanie Inhuber, Sarah Schlaeger, Egon Burian, Claus Zimmer, Jan S. Kirschke, Dimitrios C. Karampinos, Thomas Baum and Nico Sollmann
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:35
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  31. Calvaria skin has a reduced thickness, and its initial damage produced by irradiation was scarcely reported. We aimed to identify the initial effects of x-ray irradiation in the rat calvaria skin.

    Authors: Matheus da Silva Santin, José Koehler, Danilo Massuia Rocha, Camila Audrey dos Reis, Nadia Fayez Omar, Yasmin Fidler, Maria Albertina de Miranda Soares and José Rosa Gomes
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:32
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  32. Skeletal muscle injury characterisation during healing supports trauma prognosis. Given the potential interest of computed tomography (CT) in muscle diseases and lack of in vivo CT methodology to image skeletal m...

    Authors: Bruno Paun, Daniel García Leon, Alex Claveria Cabello, Roso Mares Pages, Elena de la Calle Vargas, Paola Contreras Muñoz, Vanessa Venegas Garcia, Joan Castell-Conesa, Mario Marotta Baleriola and Jose Raul Herance Camacho
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:33
    Content type: Original article Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:69

  33. Compared to histology-based methods, imaging can reduce animal usage in preclinical studies. However, availability of dedicated scanners is limited. We evaluated clinical computed tomography (CT) and magnetic ...

    Authors: Judith E. Spiro, Miriam Rinneburger, Dennis M. Hedderich, Mladen Jokic, Hans Christian Reinhardt, David Maintz, Moritz Palmowski and Thorsten Persigehl
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:31
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  34. Microspheres loaded with radioactive 166Ho (166Ho-MS) are novel particles for radioembolisation and intratumoural treatment. Because of the limited penetration of β radiation, quantitative imaging of microsphere ...

    Authors: R. C. Bakker, R. Bastiaannet, S. A. van Nimwegen, A. D. Barten-van Rijbroek, R. J. J. Van Es, A. J. W. P. Rosenberg, H. W. A. M. de Jong, M. G. E. H. Lam and J. F. W. Nijsen
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:29
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  35. The inverse Laplace transform (ILT) is the most widely used method for T2 relaxometry data analysis. This study examines the qualitative agreement of ILT and a proposed multiexponential (Mexp method) regarding...

    Authors: Georgios S. Ioannidis, Katerina Nikiforaki, Georgios Kalaitzakis, Apostolos Karantanas, Kostas Marias and Thomas G. Maris
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:28
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  36. Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) systems, currently employed in medical image analysis, are data-driven models often considered as black boxes. However, improved transparency is needed to translate au...

    Authors: Giuseppe Baselli, Marina Codari and Francesco Sardanelli
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:30
    Content type: Hypothesis Published on:

  37. Assessment of nigrostriatal degeneration is a key element to discriminate between dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Alzheimer disease (AD), and it is often evaluated using ioflupane (123I-FP-CIT) single-photon ...

    Authors: Matteo Pardini, Flavio Nobili, Dario Arnaldi, Silvia Morbelli, Matteo Bauckneht, Roberto Rissotto, Carlo Serrati, Gianluca Serafini, Caterina Lapucci, Lucio Ghio, Mario Amore, Davide Massucco, Davide Sassos, Laura Bonzano, Giovanni Luigi Mancardi and Luca Roccatagliata
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:27
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  38. Automatically detecting and quantifying pneumothorax on chest computed tomography (CT) may impact clinical decision-making. Machine learning methods published so far struggle with the heterogeneity of technica...

    Authors: Sebastian Röhrich, Thomas Schlegl, Constanze Bardach, Helmut Prosch and Georg Langs
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:26
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  39. Timely diagnosis of cardiac iron overload is important for children with transfusion-dependent anaemias and requires modern measure methods. Nowadays, myocardial iron quantification is performed by magnetic re...

    Authors: E. E. Nazarova, G. V. Tereshchenko, D. A. Kupriyanov, N. S. Smetanina and G. A. Novichkova
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:25
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  40. Uncorrected patient or prostate motion may impair targeting prostate areas during fusion image-guided procedures. We evaluated if a prototype “tracked Foley catheter” (TFC) could maintain fusion image alignmen...

    Authors: Graham R. Hale, Filippo Pesapane, Sheng Xu, Ivane Bakhutashvili, Neil Glossop, Baris Turkbey, Peter A. Pinto and Bradford J. Wood
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:24
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  41. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) can provide quantitative (bone mineral density, BMD) and qualitative (trabecular bone score, TBS) indexes of bone status, able to predict fragility fractures in most oste...

    Authors: Fabio Massimo Ulivieri, Luca Petruccio Piodi, Luca Rinaudo, Paolo Scanagatta and Bruno Mario Cesana
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:23
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  42. To evaluate whether machine learning algorithms allow the prediction of Child-Pugh classification on clinical multiphase computed tomography (CT).

    Authors: Johannes Thüring, Oliver Rippel, Christoph Haarburger, Dorit Merhof, Philipp Schad, Philipp Bruners, Christiane K. Kuhl and Daniel Truhn
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:20
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  43. PRIMAGE is one of the largest and more ambitious research projects dealing with medical imaging, artificial intelligence and cancer treatment in children. It is a 4-year European Commission-financed project th...

    Authors: Luis Martí-Bonmatí, Ángel Alberich-Bayarri, Ruth Ladenstein, Ignacio Blanquer, J. Damian Segrelles, Leonor Cerdá-Alberich, Polyxeni Gkontra, Barbara Hero, J. M. García-Aznar, Daniel Keim, Wolfgang Jentner, Karine Seymour, Ana Jiménez-Pastor, Ismael González-Valverde, Blanca Martínez de las Heras, Samira Essiaf…
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:22
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  44. Contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is pivotal for evaluating chronic myocardial infarction (CMI). Concerns about safety of gadolinium-based contrast agents favour dose reduction. We assessed im...

    Authors: Caterina Beatrice Monti, Marina Codari, Andrea Cozzi, Marco Alì, Lorenzo Saggiante, Francesco Sardanelli and Francesco Secchi
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:21
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  45. Congenital vascular disease is one of the leading causes of death in paediatric age. Despite the importance of paediatric haemodynamics, large investigations have been devoted to the evaluation of circulation ...

    Authors: Parvin Mohammadyari, Giacomo Gadda, Angelo Taibi and Josep Munuera del Cerro
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:16
    Content type: Original article Published on:

  46. Here, we summarise the unresolved debate about p value and its dichotomisation. We present the statement of the American Statistical Association against the misuse of statistical significance as well as the propo...

    Authors: Giovanni Di Leo and Francesco Sardanelli
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:18
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  47. The Monro-Kellie hypothesis (MKH) states that volume changes in any intracranial component (blood, brain tissue, cerebrospinal fluid) should be counterbalanced by a co-occurring opposite change to maintain int...

    Authors: Lisa A. van der Kleij, Jill B. De Vis, Jeroen de Bresser, Jeroen Hendrikse and Jeroen C. W. Siero
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:17
    Content type: Technical note Published on:

  48. We aimed at reviewing design and realisation of perfusion/flow phantoms for validating quantitative perfusion imaging (PI) applications to encourage best practices.

    Authors: Marije E. Kamphuis, Marcel J. W. Greuter, Riemer H. J. A. Slart and Cornelis H. Slump
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:15
    Content type: Systematic review Published on:

  49. Radiation dose in computed tomography (CT) has become a topic of high interest due to the increasing numbers of CT examinations performed worldwide. Hence, dose tracking and organ dose calculation software are...

    Authors: Cristina De Mattia, Federica Campanaro, Federica Rottoli, Paola Enrica Colombo, Andrea Pola, Angelo Vanzulli and Alberto Torresin
    Citation: European Radiology Experimental 2020 4:14
    Content type: Original article Published on:
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