Table 1 Standardised protocol for brain MRI

Brain MRI is important for achieving a prompt, accurate diagnosis of MS. Here we present a standardised protocol for the evaluation of patients with suspected or clinically definite MS; however, the precise sequences and timing of follow-up scans must be determined on a case-by-case basis

Baseline evaluation

 Mandatory sequences

  ▪ Axial proton-density and/or T2-FLAIR/T2-weighted

  ▪ Sagittal 2D or 3D T2-FLAIR

  ▪ 2D or 3D contrast-enhanced T1-weighted

 Optional sequences

  ▪ Unenhanced 2D or high-resolution isotropic 3D T1-weighted

  ▪ 2D and/or 3D dual inversion recovery

  ▪ Axial diffusion-weighted imaging

Follow-up examinations

 Mandatory sequences

  ▪ Axial proton-density and/or T2-Flair/T2-weighted highly recommended

  ▪ 2D or 3D contrast-enhanced T1-weighted

 Optional sequences

  ▪ Unenhanced 2D or high-resolution isotropic 3D T1-weighted

  ▪ 2D and/or 3D dual inversion recovery

  ▪ Axial diffusion-weighted imaging