Table 1 Clinical data and CMR parameters of the study population (TTS and controls)

Population, n

50

30

 − 

Age, years

69 ± 13

63 ± 11

0.354

Sex, females, n (%)

50 (100)

30 (100)

1.000

Body mass index, kg/m²

25.7 ± 5.6

26.2 ± 4.7

0.547

Hypertension, n (%)

16 (32)

10 (33)

0.273

Hyperlipidemia, n (%)

9 (18)

6 (20)

0.588

Diabetes, n (%)

2 (4)

3 (10)

0.612

Smoke, n (%)

8 (16)

7 (23)

0.595

Ex-smoker, n (%)

2 (4)

4 (13)

0.148

Onset-to-CMR, days

11.2 ± 6.5

 − 

 − 

Phenotype, n (%)

Apical

36 (72)

 − 

 − 

Mid

8 (16)

 − 

 − 

Basal

2 (4)

 − 

 − 

Focal

4 (8)

 − 

 − 

lvEF range, n (%)

 < 40%

6 (12)

 − 

 − 

40–50%

10 (20)

 − 

 − 

51–60%

21 (42)

8 (26)

0.127

 > 60%

13 (26)

23 (74)

0.001

lvESV/BSA, mL/m²

35.6 ± 15

23.9 ± 9.6

 < 0.001

lvEDV/BSA, mL/m²

74.6 ± 16.8

65.7 ± 10.6

0.011

lvEF, %

52.2 ± 11

63.1 ± 5.9

 < 0.001

rvESV/BSA, mL/m²

31.8 ± 10.3

31 ± 11

0.758

rvEDV/BSA, mL/m²

70.8 ± 15.2

73 ± 14.7

0.535

rvEF, %

55.1 ± 8.7

58 ± 8.1

0.141

laEDV, mL//m²

63.4 ± 22.3

59.7 ± 18.3

0.058

laS_r, %

19.3 ± 2.9

24 ± 2.8

 < 0.001

laS_cd, %

8.7 ± 3.4

12.5 ± 2.6

 < 0.001

laS_bp, %

10.8 ± 2.6

9.7 ± 1.9

0.041

laSR_r, L/s

0.8 ± 0.2

1.2 ± 0.4

 < 0.001

laSR_cd°, L/s (median [IQR])

-0.7, (-0.7, -0.3)

-1.1, (-2.0, -0.6)

 < 0.001

laSR_bp, L/s

-1.1 ± 0.3

-1.3 ± 0.5

0.032

laGRS, %

36.3 ± 11.9

52.8 ± 9.8

 < 0.001

lvGRS, %

25.2 ± 7.7

33.6 ± 8.2

0.005

lvGCS, %

-15.5 ± 3.5

-21.8 ± 2.9

 < 0.001

lvGLS, %

-14 ± 4.1

-19.7 ± 2.6

 < 0.001

lvGRSR, L/s

1.2 ± 0.3

1.6 ± 0.3

0.002

lvGCSR°, L/s

-0.8, (-1.3, -0.9)

-1.0, (-1.2, -0.8)

 < 0.001

lvGLSR, L/s

-0.7 ± 0.2

-1.2 ± 0.9

0.001

lvEdema, n (%)

50 (100)

0 (0)

 < 0.001

lvLGE, n (%)

3 (6)

0 (0)

0.892