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Table 1 Results and formulations of quantitative contrast metrics and quantitative segmentation metrics

From: Choroid plexus volume in multiple sclerosis can be estimated on structural MRI avoiding contrast injection

Metrics

T1w

CE-T1w

FLAIR

Quantitative contrast metrics

Signal-to-noise ratio

\(\frac{mean\left( RO{I}_{values}\right)}{std\left( backgroun{d}_{values}\right)}\)

13.73 ± 4.89

23.77 ± 12.02

13.09 ± 6.15

Contrast-to-noise ratio

\(\frac{mean\left( RO{I}_{values}\right)- mean\left( backgroun{d}_{values}\right)}{std\left( backgroun{d}_{values}\right)}\)

7.44 ± 2.87

18.49 ± 9.57

10.77 ± 5.38

Quantitative segmentation metrics

Dice similarity coefficient

\(\frac{2\ast TP}{2\ast TP+ FP+ FN}\)

0.67 ± 0.05

-

0.68 ± 0.05

Absolute volume [mL]

3.073 ± 0.563 mL

2.984 ± 0.506 mL

3.787 ± 0.679 mL

Percentage volume difference

\(100\ast \frac{\left( Volum{e}_{segm}- Volum{e}_{ref}\right)}{Volum{e}_{ref}}\left[\%\right]\)

3.52 ± 12.61

-

28.02 ± 19.02

Absolute percentage

volume difference

\(100\ast \frac{\mid Volum{e}_{segm}- Volum{e}_{ref}\mid }{Volum{e}_{ref}}\left[\%\right]\)

10.57 ± 7.60

-

28.43 ± 18.40

Pearson’ correlation

0.77

-

0.67

Spatial variability metrics

Error distribution per slice

\(100\ast \frac{\left( VoxelSlice{(i)}_{segm}- VoxelSlice{(i)}_{ref}\right)}{Volum{e}_{ref}}\left[\%\right]\)

  1. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Quantitative contrast metrics: contrast-to-noise ratio and signal-to-noise ratio between choroid plexus (ChP) manual segmentation (MSeg) obtained from each sequence and a reference region obtained excluding the ChP from the ventricles (for details, see the “Quantitative contrast metrics” section). Quantitative segmentation metrics: Dice similarity coefficient, absolute volume, absolute percentage volume difference, and Pearson volume correlation analysis between MSegs obtained from non-contrast enhanced sequences (T1w and FLAIR MSeg) and the reference contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MSeg. FN, False negative; FP, False positive; TP, True positive