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European Radiology Experimental
Fig. 2 | European Radiology Experimental

Fig. 2

From: Twinkling-guided ultrasound detection of polymethyl methacrylate as a potential breast biopsy marker: a comparative investigation

Fig. 2

Marker characteristics on ultrasound, SEM, optical profile, and micro-CT. Color Doppler twinkling signatures of markers (1st column), and their surface features from SEM at 50 × magnification (2nd column) correlate with what was predicted by surface roughness measurements (3rd column). Additionally, micro-computed tomography (4th column) provided a metric for porosity for the TriMark® cork and PMMA markers (5th column). Based on areal surface roughness measurements (see Fig. 3), the PMMA marker could be predicted to twinkle on color Doppler ultrasound. Both the PMMA marker and the TriMark® cork were rated as 4+ twinkling, surpassing expectations. A frequently used marker, the UltraClip™ ribbon clip, was rated 0 twinkling and did not have appreciable surface roughness. PMMA Polymethyl methacrylate, SEM Scanning electron microscopy

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